The invention provides a vertical drilling machine crossbeam rolling bearing fault diagnosis simulation experiment device comprising a braking unit, a detection unit, a feed unit, a power unit and a simulation device. The simulation device comprises a transmission shaft and a bearing to be tested which is installed on the transmission shaft. The power unit comprises an electric motor and a decelerating mechanism. The electric motor is connected with the input end of the transmission shaft through the decelerating mechanism. The feed unit is arranged between the decelerating mechanism and the bearing to be tested and comprises a force adjusting mechanism, a spring and a reaction plate which are installed on the transmission shaft along an axial order. The detection unit comprises a vibration sensor and a pressure sensor. The braking unit comprises a brake and a coupler. The brake is connected with the output end of the transmission shaft through the coupler. According to the device, revolving resistance moment and feed resistance borne in the drilling process of a drilling machine can be simulated through the braking unit and the feed unit so that the state and the relevant parameters of a rolling bearing in the simulation drilling process can be observed, the occurred faults are diagnosed and analyzed and thus prediction of drilling machine bearing faults can be realized.