The invention provides a posture identification device and method. The posture identification precision is improved. The device comprises a plurality of testing nodes and a main control node. Each testing node is used for acquiring the state information of a corresponding measurement part and sending the state information to the main control node. The main control node is used for extracting state feature values according to the received state information transmitted by the testing nodes, establishing a state transition diagram and a state classification decision-making tree, building a state transition decision-making tree model according to the established state transition diagram and state classification decision-making tree, and training the state transition decision-making tree model through the extracted state feature values. The state transition diagram represents the transition relationship between current states and previous and subsequent states in a movement process of a human body. The device and the method are suitable for the technical field of posture identification.