The invention discloses a method for improving the cooling efficiency of titanium slag and belongs to the technical field of titanium slag smelting. According to the method, a porous rotary drum which rotates is adopted for pelletizing molten titanium slag, pelletized titanium slag is quenched with nitrogen, cooled pelletized titanium slag is screened and crushed, and finished titanium slag is obtained. By means of the method, the problem that the water consumption of a traditional titanium slag cooling method is large can be solved, moreover, the procedures of slag basin or slag tank preparation, slag hanging, slag block crushing and the like can be omitted, the out-of-furnace cooling treatment procedure of the titanium slag is greatly simplified, the cooling time of the titanium slag is shortened, the cooling efficiency is increased by 3-4 times, and the cooling cost of the titanium slag is reduced.