The invention discloses a method for synthesizing porous adsorption materials from traditional Chinese medicine residues. The method includes steps of firstly, grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues in a ball mill to preliminarily form micro-fine particles; secondly, grinding external shells of hickory in the ball mill to preliminarily form micro-fine particles; thirdly, proportionally mixing the micro-fine particles of the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the micro-fine particles of the external shells of the hickory with one another to obtain mixtures; fourthly, degrading the mixtures by the aid of hydrothermal synthesis technologies; fifthly, activating the mixtures by the aid of ZnCl2; sixthly, carrying out microwave treatment to obtain porous micro-fine adsorbents. The method has the advantages that the porous adsorption materials are made of mixtures of the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the external shells of the hickory, the micro-fine particles are manufactured by the aid of ball-milling technologies and are further subjected to hydrothermal synthesis to obtain micro-fine adsorption materials, and the micro-fine adsorption materials are ultimately subjected to microwave treatment to obtain the porous micro-fine adsorption materials; mechanical processes and chemical processes are combined with one another, and an obvious application prospect of the porous micro-fine adsorption materials which are made of the mixtures of the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the external shells of the hickory is particularly discovered in the aspect of air purification.