The invention discloses a method for controlling the laser shot peening shape correction quality for aviation engine supports. The method includes steps of creating corresponding relational databases of laser shot peening shape correction parameters and welding deformation amounts by the aid of big data platforms; refining structures of the aviation engine supports; welding the refined structures and correcting the shapes of the refined structures by means of laser shot peening; welding support assemblies and correcting the shapes of the support assemblies by means of laser shot peening; detecting shape correction effects. According to the scheme, the method has the advantages that the complicated aviation engine supports are refined to obtain three types of simple refined structures, and processing sequences of progressive welding, progressive laser shot peening shape correcting, assembly welding and assembly laser shot peening shape correcting are adopted, the shapes of the various refined structures are corrected by means of laser shot peening before the assemblies are welded, accordingly, welding deformation of overall structures of the supports can be reduced, and the overall structures of the supports are easy to correct during laser shot peening shape correction; the problem of deformation of existing aviation engine supports in welding procedures can be solved by the aid of the method, the dimension precision and the shape precision of the supports can be accurately controlled by the aid of the method, and good correction effects can be realized.