The invention discloses a grouser-height-adjustable crawler traveling device which comprises a support, a belt wheel assembly mounted on the support and a traveling belt wound on the belt wheel assembly. The traveling belt is slidably provided with a plurality of extensible grousers which can stretch out or retract into the surface of the traveling belt. The support is provided with an extending control assembly used for controlling the extensible grousers on the section, making contact with the ground, of the traveling belt to stretch out or retract into the surface of the traveling belt. The grouser-height-adjustable crawler traveling device has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, good in off road performance, high in adaptability and the like.