The invention relates to an apparatus for quickly extracting azalea pigment, comprising a first extracting device, a second extracting device, first and second filters, an extract storage tank, a vacuum concentration device, a spray drying device and a heat exchanger that are arranged in sequence; a heat exchange pipe is disposed in the extract storage tank, an inlet of the heat exchange pipe is connected with a gas outlet of the vacuum concentration device, an outlet of the heat exchange pipe is connected with a hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, a cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the extract storage tank and a filtrate outlet of the second filter, and a cold and hot fluid outlet of the vacuum heat exchanger is connected with extract inlets of the first and second extracting devices. In the above technical scheme, heat of steam in the vacuum concentration device is recycled, extract and extracting agents are preheated, temperature holding and preheating as well as extracting agent heating are achieved before vacuum distillation of the extract, and therefore, energy is saved and production cost is reduced.