The invention relates to a balanced energy consumption fast clustering method suitable for wireless sensor network. The method comprises two stages: fast clustering topological structure establishment and data collection; the fast clustering topological structure establishment stage comprises acquiring information of all nodes in the network, and constructing the fast clustered network topological structured based on the clustered parameter, dividing the nodes in the cluster into two types: one type of nodes closing to the cluster head and capable of directly communicating with the cluster head, and the other type of nodes far away from the cluster head and capable of communicating with the cluster head through the relaying of the first type of nodes; through the establishment of the cluster, the network entering the stable data collection stage. The data collection stage comprises a synchronization stage, an outer layer working stage and an inner layer working stage. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the method, the network energy consumption can be effectively saved, the network life cycle is prolonged, and the inter-cluster interference can be effectively avoided.