The present invention discloses a data distribution method and an access device. The data distribution method comprises: performing preprocessing of inlet data; extracting at least one information element set for distribution; performing first time Hash transformation of at least one information element set to allow the Hash values of the information element sets belonging to the same equivalence information set to be the same, wherein the same equivalence information set is an information set divided according to a preset rule; and performing the second time Hash transformation of the information element set after the first time Hash transformation, and obtaining a combined Hash value to allow the inlet data to be uniformly distributed to an out port for outputting according to the combined Hash value. According to the mode, the data distribution method and the access device can perform distribution of signaling or other data having multiple features and can ensure that the signaling or other data having multiple features maintain the transaction integrity.