The invention provides a multifunctional epoxy resin radical radiation protective compound material and a preparation method of the multifunctional epoxy resin radical radiation protective compound material. The material is prepared by the following components, by weight, 20-100 parts of multifunctional epoxy resin, 5-200 parts of curing agent, 100-800 parts of anti-radiation functional additive, 5-100 parts of fiber reinforced material, 20-150 parts of anti-flaming functional filler, and 1-400 parts of processing agent. The compound material prepared by the invention has good shielding performance and flame retarding performance of neutron and gama rays; besides, the material can be used for a long time within the temperature scale of 180-250 DEG C, and has excellent temperature resistance, the average linear expansion coefficient is less than 30x10-6 DEG C; the material can guarantee the stability of the shielding performance of the neutron and gama rays. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the radiation protective compound material is simple and easy to operate, and can be applicable to the application demands at different places.