The invention provides a three-phase type tunnel construction ventilation control method. The method includes that automation control on tunnel construction ventilation is realized by adopting phase-type ventilation control, the first phase is a ventilation phase at full speed, and in other words, after completion of explosion, a fan enters the ventilation phase at full speed to blow dust and toxic gas generated from explosion out of working areas where personnel gather; the second phase is automatic adjustment phase, in other words, when peak values of the dust and toxic gas exceed a rack of a waterproof board, the fan enters the automatic adjustment phase, and running frequency of the fan is adjusted gradually to lowest wind speed meeting required wind quantity of a site by adopting a fuzzy neural network algorithm; the third phase is a lowest wind speed running phase till coming of next explosion. With the method, environmental conditions of tunnel faces can be improved rapidly with the ventilation phase at full speed, and approaching time of workers is shortened; the running frequency of the fan is gradually adjusted to the lowest wind speed meeting required wind quantity of the site by adopting the fuzzy neural network algorithm in the second phase; third phase is constant-speed running of at the lowest wind speed to keep ventilation.