Provided is a distribution equipment operation environment monitoring method. The method is realized by employing a distribution equipment operation environment monitoring device. The device comprises a radiation emitter, a radiation receiver, a microprocessor, an induction current measuring unit, a vibration sensor and a temperature and humidity measuring sensor, the radiation emitter comprises a control processor, a power divider, and 5 interference sources connected in parallel and switches thereof, each interference source is connected with an emission antenna in a corresponding manner, the control processor, the power divider, the 5 interference sources connected in parallel and the switches thereof, and the emission antenna are connected in sequence, the radiation receiver comprises a reception antenna, a converting unit, an amplification filtering unit and a radiation measuring unit connected in sequence, and the microprocessor is connected with a radiation measuring unit and an induction current measuring unit. According to the method, the vibration sensor and the temperature and humidity measuring sensor are provided, various forms are realized, environmental parameters of a power distribution network can be measured, and the anomaly of a distribution network is effectively determined.