The invention belongs to the technical field of large-aperture camera performance testing and more particularly relates to an apparatus for testing the influence of large-aperture camera gravity deformation on image quality. The apparatus comprises a worktable, a yaw mechanism, a pitching mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a translating mechanism and a rolling mechanism, with a total of five degrees of freedom movement, and is capable of achieving two-dimensional translation and pitching, yaw adjustment and rolling rotation. The camera is mounted on the worktable as a load. The center of the optical axis of the camera and the center of the roll axis are adjusted to be in a concentric state by the pitching mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the translating mechanism. Then, the mechanisms are locked and the rolling mechanism is run to carry out a camera gravity influence test. The apparatus can meet the requirement of gravity influence test of large-aperture camera, and has characteristics of high degree of automation and good stability.