Belonging to the technical field of testing, the invention provides a test method for the explosion suppression and fire retardant performance of a structured packing. According to the invention, explosion suppression is carried out first, and then fire retardant test is conducted. The method consists of the steps of: 1) pre-test preparation: i. air-tightness testing; ii. test instrument inspection; 2) gas blending: firstly replacing the gas in a test tank with compressed air, 30min later, blending methane gas, and making the concentration of methane gas in the test tank reach 9.5%; 3) ignition: unlocking an ignition switch key, and starting a fire energy generator; 4) data acquisition; and 5) repeated validation testing. The method provided by the invention can simultaneously monitor the gas parameters of each region in the tank by multiple sections and different heights so as to obtain more detailed and accurate experimental data, thus quickly and accurately grasping the explosion suppression performance of the packing, and providing complete guarantee for coal mining.