The application provides a centralizing device and an underground operation process pipe column. The centralizing device comprises a body extending in a longitudinal direction, and a centralizing mechanism, wherein a fluid passage is arranged in the body and can be used for flow of fluid; the side wall of the body is provided with a through hole; the centralizing mechanism comprises a sleeve arranged in the through hole, a centralizing part arranged in the sleeve, and an elastic part arranged in a gap; a first boss is arranged on the inner wall, far from the fluid passage, of the sleeve; the gap is formed between the centralizing part and the inner wall of the sleeve; a second boss is arranged at an end part, close to the fluid passage, of the centralizing part; the centralizing piece can move in the sleeve; one end of the elastic part tightly presses against the first boss, and the other end of the elastic part tightly presses against the second boss; and the elastic part can apply a force to the centralizing part to enable the centralizing part to be reset. The centralizing device provided by the application can enable an oil pipe and underground operation tools to successfully complete downward entering and upward lifting operations.