The invention discloses an auto-disturbance rejection control hardware online closed-loop simulation control method based on performance data. The method comprises the following steps: 1, acquiring data in real time and calculating a thermal performance index; 2, delimiting the boundary condition of mechanism simulation modeling; 3, establishing a mechanism simulation model on a PXI simulation platform; 4, performing thermal performance precision calibration on the mechanism simulation model; 5, inputting step response and white noise, and transforming the mechanism simulation model into a second-order transfer function model; 6, implementing an auto-disturbance rejection control strategy by using an NI Compact RIO controller as the carrier; 7, connecting the NI Compact RIO controller with PXI simulation platform hardware, verifying a control strategy by using the auto-disturbance rejection controller strategy and the second-order transfer function model object, optimizing an auto-disturbance rejection control coefficient, and determining an optimized control effect; and 8, applying the auto-disturbance rejection controller strategy to network test of power control equipment, and repeating 1-7. The method has the advantages of conforming to actual production and reflecting dynamic changes of field conditions.