The invention relates to a button driving type automatic rotation protection puncture needle. The puncture needle comprises a handle part, a far end part and a rod part between the handle part and the far end part. The far end part comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion. The fixed portion comprises a working edge. The movable portion comprises a movable rod, a protective sleeve and an axial spring. The movable rod comprises a near end rod. The far end part has a working mode and a protecting mode. The handle part comprises a locking mechanism, a handle base and a handle bin. The locking mechanism is installed between the handle base and the handle bin. The handle base comprises an upper handle face, a bottom handle face and a button hole. The locking mechanism comprises a driving piece, a transmission piece, a locking piece, a driving piece reset spring and a locking piece reset spring. According to the puncture needle, the mutual action between the puncture needle and a sleeve assembly during actions of the puncture needle is utilized, so that the protection mode is automatically switched into the working mode without additional action.