The invention discloses a diesel oil burning power system with a diesel engine adopting alcohol ether fuel to burn. The system comprises the diesel engine (1), a liquid alcohol ether fuel storing tank (2) and an ignition agent storing tank (3). An ignition agent in the ignition agent storing tank is fed into an air cylinder of the diesel engine through an ignition agent pipeline for compression ignition, liquid alcohol ether fuel in the liquid alcohol ether fuel storing tank is sprayed into the air cylinder through an alcohol ether fuel supply pipeline (21) so as to burn under ignition of the ignition agent, and therefore, the diesel engine is started and diesel oil is completely replaced. As for high-proportion methanol-based alcohol ether fuel which is usually not inclined to compression ignition, an inflaming mode is not adopted for ignition, so that large change of the structure of the diesel engine is avoided; and low-proportion mix-burning is not adopted either, and the ignition agent is subjected to compression ignition in the air cylinder innovatively so as to ignite the alcohol ether fuel, so that the diesel oil is completely replaced with the alcohol ether fuel, the cost is reduced, pollution is reduced, loss of the power performance is avoided, and the diesel engine can stably and reliably start and operate.