The invention relates to an explosion-proof detector with a temperature detection function. The explosion-proof detector comprises a cylindrical metal shell body, and a camera and a circuit board assembly which are arranged in the cavity of the metal shell body. The front end of the metal shell body is connected with an externally-threaded front cover through an internal thread. A piece of window glass is installed on the front cover. A back cover is inserted onto the back end of the metal shell body. The inner side of the back cover is provided with a protruding ring part, and the outer wall of the protruding ring part is in contact with the inner wall of the metal shell body. The back end of the metal shell body is provided with a connecting edge. Screw connection holes are uniformly arranged in the connecting edge. The back cover is provided with screw holes corresponding to the screw connection holes. After the protruding ring part of the back cover is inserted into the metal shell body, the opposite sides of the connecting edge and the opposite sides of the back cover are in contact and locked by screws. Installation in production and disassembly for maintenance are facilitated while the explosion-proof performance is improved.