The invention relates to an online extraction method for fine information of roads ahead during driving of a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of online identification of road information. The method comprises the following steps that 1) the vehicle state and typical road features are observed online; 2) the driving vehicle is located finely online; and 3) fine information of roads ahead of the driving vehicle is extracted online. The method can be used to observe the road information and vehicle state online; a vehicle-mounted GPS can be used to determine the driving area of the vehicle and match the typical road features of the driving area of the vehicle in an e-map, so that the vehicle can located finely in real time; according to the vehicle state and the e-map, fine information of the roads ahead of the vehicle is extracted online; and disadvantages in present effective road information obtaining methods are overcome.