The invention discloses a nonvolatile memory used for processing defects. An NVM (Nonvolatile Memory) system comprises a main NVM section including multiple memory segments, a redundant NVM section used for storing recovery records, an address matching circuit including multiple memory regions suitable for storing main address and substitutive address pairs, and an NVM controller. The NVM controller is configured to determine whether a first memory in the main NVM section is no longer available, so that (i) the recovery records which are used for storage and include the address of a first memory segment and data related to the first memory segment are built in the redundant NVM section, and (ii) a pair of the main address and the substitutive address is added into the address matching circuit; the main address is the address of the first memory segment; and the substitutive address is identified as a substitutive position of data related to the first memory segment.