The invention discloses a reconstruction method for a security environment envelope of an intelligent vehicle based on driving behaviors of a preceding vehicle. The reconstruction method comprises the steps of simulating the behavior of a real driver to predict a potential collision risk of a preceding traveling area, inputting prediction results of the driving behaviors of the preceding vehicle into a segment of environmental perception of the intelligent vehicle, reconstructing the security environment envelope of the intelligent vehicle based on the prediction results of the driving behaviors of the preceding vehicle. Using a track points sequence of the preceding vehicle, turn signals of the preceding vehicle, the velocity of the intelligent vehicle, the longitudinal relative velocity between the intelligent vehicle and the preceding vehicle and so forth as observed values, the reconstruction method predicts the driving behaviors of the preceding vehicle by means of Hidden Markov Model (HMM). According to the prediction results of the driving behaviors of the preceding vehicle, the reconstruction method corrects the transverse space and the longitudinal space between the intelligent vehicle and the preceding vehicle and realizes the reconstruction for the safety environment envelope of the intelligent vehicle, thereby realizing the assessment for the potential collision risk in security driving areas of the intelligent vehicle and improving the safety of the intelligent vehicle.