The invention provides a synthetic method of an alkynyl sulfone derivative. The method is characterized in that alkynyl sulfone derivative is obtained through a reaction of alkynyl bromide and organic sodium sulfinate in the presence of an organic solvent and a strong acid used as a catalyst; and the organic solvent is one or more of toluene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dioxane and tetrahydrofuran. The method has the advantages of no use of complex reaction substrates or strong oxidants, simple and easily available reaction raw materials, safety and simplicity in reaction operation, environmentally-friendly reaction process, good substrate applicability, good function group tolerance, and high separation yield under preferable conditions and the alkynyl sulfone derivative synthesized through the method widely exists in natural products and medicine molecules, and also can be used as a very effective alkynylation reagent.