The invention discloses a sugarcane harvester and an anti-clogging method thereof. The sugarcane harvester acquires sugarcane counteraction pressure parameters of the front end of the harvester in real time through a dynamometer that is preset at the front end of the harvester; meanwhile, the harvester real-timely acquires weight parameters of sugarcane that is transported in a transport channel through a weighing sensing device that is preset in the harvester transport channel; then according to the currently acquired pressure parameters and sugarcane weight parameters, a current growth density grade of the sugarcane harvested by the harvester and a current quantity grade of the sugarcane that is transported in the transport channel are obtained in a preset database respectively; according to the current growth density grade and the current sugarcane quantity grade, the forward speed and the feeding speed of the harvester are adjusted to be matched with each other, so that the harvester can avoid the blockage resulting from the transport channel being incapable of real-timely transporting the sugarcane, which is caused by an excessively high forward speed of the sugarcane harvester and excessive feeding quantity of sugarcane.