The invention relates to a power generation system of a stroke increasing car. A double-side drive type four-stroke four-cylinder turbine power generation system comprises four four-stroke engine cylinders, a power generator and a turbine system, cylinder bodies of the cylinders are arranged in the high-temperature end of a first thermoelectric power generation pipe in a penetrating manner, and the turbine system comprises a water turbine for driving the power generator to generate power and a circulation liquid flow mechanism for driving the water turbine to rotate; the circulation liquid flow mechanism comprises a hydraulic piston and a multi-stage pressure limiting mechanism, and connecting rods are arranged on the two sides of the hydraulic piston; and pistons of two engine cylinders in the four engine cylinders are connected with the connecting rod on one sliding side of the hydraulic piston, and pistons of the other two engine cylinders are connected with the connecting rod on the other sliding side of the hydraulic piston. The double-side drive type four-stroke four-cylinder turbine power generation system has the beneficial effect that heat of the cylinders can be used for generating power, the pressure limiting effect is good, and a crankshaft and a linear motor are not needed for generating power; and shortcomings existing in power generation achieved by driving the power generator by the cylinders through the crankshaft and power generation achieved by driving a linear motor through the cylinders directly are overcome.