The invention discloses a fertilizing and simplified planting method based on a rape-rice-rice triple cropping system. The method includes the steps that 1, after late rice is harvested, rape is transplanted without tillage, late rice straw is returned to the positions between the lines of the transplanted rape in a covering mode, and base fertilizer is applied in a hole application method; 2, rape straw is cut into broken segments or smashed to be returned to the field, overturning, base fertilizer applying and uniform raking are carried out, and early rice seedlings are lifted and transplanted on the same day; 3, when the late rice is planted, overturning, base fertilizer applying and uniform raking are carried out, late rice seedlings are lifted and transplanted on the same day, early rice straw covers the positions between the lines to be returned to the field, and the straw needs to be trampled to be soaked in water. It is achieved that rape-rice-rice triple cropping system crop straw is completely returned to the field, straw nutrients are effectively utilized, and soil is fertilized; transplanting without tillage is achieved in the rape season, the double-cropping rice is transplanted after overturning is completed, power consumption is reduced to a certain degree, and the problem that crop growth periods are severely affected by short crop rotation time of the triple cropping system is effectively solved.