The invention provides a method for prompting germination of marsh betula microphylla seeds. The method comprises the following steps: collecting mature seeds of marsh betula microphylla from Altai region in Xinjiang on September each year; storing the collected seeds in a breathable muslin bag in a natural storing manner; naturally overwintering the seeds in Shanghai so as to remain the seed activity; selecting healthy and strong seeds, and removing bracteole, leaves, incomplete germs and impurities; wrapping the selected good seeds with gauze; soaking in warm water at the temperature of 30-35 DEG C for 8-12 hours; positioning the soaked seeds in a culture vessel, transferring the culture vessel into a culture box for culturing under the condition of culturing with illumination of 3000-4000lux for 16 hours under the temperature of 30 DEG C in daytime, and culturing for 8 hours under the temperature of 25 DEG C at night without illumination; and collecting the marsh betula microphylla seedlings after 15 days. According to the method, the factors such as the seed collecting time, the storing conditions and the germination condition are controlled, so that the germination of the marsh betula microphylla seeds can be prompted; the germination rate is beyond 66%. Therefore, a seedling source is provided for mass afforestation in a saline and alkaline land.