The invention relates to a production process of manufacturing silicon nitride ceramic microbeads and belongs to the field of powder grinding. The production process is characterized in that raw materials of the ceramic comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 70-90% of beta-Si3N4, 5-12% of AL2O3, 0.1-5% of Y2O3, 0.1-8% of TiN and 4.8-5% of an adhesive PVA. The production process comprises the following steps: injecting the adhesive PVA into the ceramic raw materials in a same rotating disc, and balling and curing the adhesive PVA in the ceramic raw materials to directly form compact blank beads, the grain sizes of which are 0.1-3mm; performing isostatic cool pressing on the blank beads filling into sponge; putting the blank beads after isostatic cool pressing in a degumming furnace to realize a degumming step; sintering the blank beads in a nitrogen atmosphere in a crucible to produce ceramic microbead blank balls; and grinding and polishing the obtained ceramic microbead blank balls to produce the ceramic microbeads.