The invention discloses a method for extracting refined tellurium from antimony and tellurium waste materials. The method comprises the following steps that the antimony and tellurium waste materials are leached in a first alkaline solution to obtain tellurium-containing leachate; the tellurium-containing leachate is mixed with an auxiliary, the pH value of the solution is adjusted till the concentration of hydroxyl ions ranges from 2.0 mol/L to 2.5 mol/L, and a first electrolytic deposition solution is obtained; electrolytic deposition is conducted on the first electrolytic deposition solution, and tellurium-enriched products are obtained on a negative electrode of an electrolytic deposition tank through deposition; the tellurium-enriched products are dissolved into a second alkaline solution, soluble calcium salts are added, filtering is conducted to obtain filtrate, an auxiliary is added, a second electrolytic deposition solution is obtained, electrolytic deposition is conducted on the second electrolytic deposition solution, and refined tellurium is obtained on the negative electrode of the electrolytic deposition tank through deposition. In this way, the tellurium-containing leachate is obtained through alkaline leaching, electrolytic deposition is directly conducted on the tellurium-containing leachate without needing chemical impurity removal and neutralization and tellurium deposition to enable tellurium to be enriched, and the tellurium-enriched products are obtained; the tellurium-enriched products are dissolved and subjected to impurity removal, and electrolytic deposition is conducted again to obtain refined tellurium. According to the method, not only is the tellurium recycling rate guaranteed, but also the tellurium grade is increased.