The present invention provides a built-in illumination system with integration of operation and control. The system comprises a built-in illumination control box and a cockpit toplight and a passenger cabin toplight which are electrically connected with the built-in illumination control box. The built-in illumination control box comprises a dimming signal generation module, a dimming signal collection module, a dimming signal processing module and a dimming signal realization module. A driving circuit unit receives the PWM control signals of a light guide plate and the cockpit toplight and the PWM control signals are amplified to generate a driving power supply to realize the brightness regulation of an instrument board, a control board and the cockpit toplight, and a driving circuit receives the mode selection signals of the passenger cabin toplight. The built-in illumination technology with the integration of the operation and control breaks through the traditional mode for controlling the illumination device according to different parts and different areas in the prior art, and integrates all the operation parts and control functions so as to reduce the maintenance cost of the products, mitigate the weight, comply with the trend of the airplane integration and apply to the design of other helicopter illumination systems.