The invention discloses a reservoir anisotropy parameter inversion method based on orientation pre-stack seismic data. The method includes the steps: converting pre-stack all-dimensional seismic data into sub-dimensional partial angle stack data; pre-processing well logging data; estimating anisotropy parameters based on a rock physical model; calculating elastic reactance according to the orientation anisotropy parameters; extracting well-to-seismic calibration and orientation angle wavelets based on the orientation elastic reactance; inverting orientation anisotropy elastic reactance data bodies; extracting anisotropy parameters based on orientation anisotropy elastic reactance data to obtain longitudinal wave velocity, transverse wave velocity, densities and anisotropy parameters at any sampling site. According to the method, a pre-stack elastic reactance inverting method for orientation anisotropy characteristics is built according to orientation differences caused by mud-shale fractured reservoirs and AVO (amplitude variation with offset) effects, anisotropy parameters reflecting the characteristics of the mud-shale fractured reservoirs are acquired, and the problem of anisotropy parameter inversion of the mud-shale fractured reservoirs is solved.