The invention provides a lithium titanate battery state of health estimation system and method. The method comprises the steps that charging/discharging of a battery is performed according to constant current, and electric quantity released by the charge-discharge cycle is recorded; the specific heat capacity corresponding to the selected charge-discharge cycle is calculated; a relation curve of the battery state of health and the specific heat capacity is solved and the accuracy is verified; and the trend of the battery state of health is estimated. According to the technical scheme, correction is performed by using the change of the specific heat capacity in the attenuation process of the lithium titanate battery so that the influence of the conventional aging factors on the battery state of health can be reflected, the specific heat capacity correction factor is also added, and thus a new battery state of health prediction model is enabled to more accurately predict the lithium titanate battery state of health and the accuracy of the model can be enhanced.