The invention provides a water jacket air cooled pre-combustion ignition system. The system is characterized by comprising a pre-combustion chamber cavity shell, a pre-combustion chamber upper seat, a sparking plug connecting bar, a pre-combustion chamber water jacket, an air inlet unit and a cooling water inlet unit; the pre-combustion chamber cavity shell is embedded in an inner cavity and is internally provided with a pre-combustion chamber cavity, the pre-combustion chamber upper seat is arranged in the inner cavity, the sparking plug connecting bar is arranged in a through hole, one end of the sparking plug connecting bar is connected with a sparking plug, the pre-combustion chamber cavity shell and the pre-combustion chamber upper seat are sleeved with the pre-combustion chamber water jacket, the air inlet unit is communicated with an air inlet channel through an air inlet pipeline, and the cooling water inlet unit is provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end, and comprises a water circulation pipeline communicated with the water inlet channel and a circulating water pump arranged on the water circulation pipeline. The water jacket air cooled type pre-combustion ignition system can achieve cooling and heat dissipation of the pre-combustion chamber upper seat, the sparking plug, the pre-combustion chamber cavity shell and a nozzle, the aim of alternative leading of cooling air and cooling water can be achieved, the shock cooling condition of the pre-combustion chamber cavity shell can be avoided, and the service life of the system is prolonged.