The invention discloses a microscopic imaging technique compounding surface plasma resonance (SPR) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and relates to the field of surface plasma elements and surface enhanced Raman scattering. The technical key point disclosed by the invention is as follows: an SPR-SERS comprehensive microscopic imaging system is assembled, and SPR and SERS are excited and detected by a nano slit array raster bi-model structure; an SPR system judges change of an exciting angle by measuring movement of an SPR peak position to determine change of the surface effective refractive index induced by a biomolecular reaction on the surface of a chip; the SERS system directly differentiates the biomolecules by measuring the Raman spectrum; efficient and high-sensitive detection of SPR and Raman is dependent on the nano slit array raster bi-model structure: the excitation wavelength efficiently excites SPR through the raster structure; SPR generates dipole vibration in nanogaps in a metal surface spreading process, and the surface electric field generated by SPR and the nano silt dipole jointly act to enhance the surface local electric field to acquire an enhanced Raman signal.