The invention provides a digital ink jet printing machine with the function of simultaneously pressing the front face and the back face of fabric. The machine comprises a left front supporting frame, a right front supporting frame, a left rear supporting frame and a right rear supporting frame. A front transmission roller is in bearing connection to the left front supporting frame and the right front supporting frame. A rear follow-up roller is in bearing connection to the left rear supporting frame and the right rear supporting frame. A fabric conveying belt is arranged between the front transmission rollers and the rear follow-up rollers in a surrounding manner. Dual front pressing devices with heating devices are additionally mounted on the supporting frames, and dual face pressing treatment of pressing the front face and the back face in sequence before fabric printing is achieved. Dual rear pressing devices with heating devices are additionally mounted on the supporting frames, and dual face pressing treatment of pressing the back face and the front face in sequence after fabric printing is achieved. Therefore, the printing effect is improved.