The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly cleaning device for municipal buildings. The energy-saving and environment-friendly cleaning device comprises a floating body capable of floating on a water body. A driving shaft is installed above the floating body, and the axis of the driving shaft is perpendicular to the heading direction of the floating body. The two ends of the driving shaft are connected with driving wheels. The lower portions of the driving wheels are lower than the surface of the water body. A plurality of water scraping parts are evenly distributed on each driving wheel along the circumferential face of the driving wheel. The driving shaft drives the driving wheels to rotate so that the water scraping parts can generate acting force on the water body to make the floating body go forward. Each water scraping part comprises a scraper blade, a bottom plate and a baffle. According to the energy-saving and environment-friendly cleaning device, the water scraping parts can drive the floating body to go forward, and meanwhile rubbish on the water body can be collected; and the structural design is reasonable and practicability can be achieved. A compression area is arranged in a storage tank of the floating body. A squeezing device can compress the rubbish in the compression area, and due to the fact that the squeezing device is in an alternative ejection-beating mode, the size compression ratio of the rubbish is high.