The invention discloses a communication monitoring method and a communication monitoring system of a capsule type endoscopy. The communication monitoring method comprises the following steps that the capsule type endoscopy transmits a first image signal to an image recorder, wherein the first image signal comprises first monitoring information, the first monitoring information comprises the transmitting power, the transmitting time and the current work state of the capsule type endoscopy; the image recorder receives the first monitoring information, and stores the collected recorder receiving power, the recorder receiving time, the work state when the recorder receives the information and the first monitoring information; the image recorder transmits a control signal to the capsule type endoscopy and stores the control signal, wherein the control signal comprises the recorder transmitting power, the recorder transmitting time, the control command transmitted by the recorder, and the work state when the recorder performs transmitting. With the method and the system, the monitoring information can be utilized for recording the communication, the reading is convenient, the communication process of the system can be can be known from the monitoring information, and thus an engineer can accurately judge the system state.