The invention discloses a mathematics teaching system comprising a student learning evaluation unit, a practice unit, a teacher teaching evaluation unit, a central processing unit, an early warning unit and a wireless communication module. The student learning evaluation unit is used for detecting the memory accuracy of the student to mathematical formulas, checking homework quality, and evaluating test scores in real time. The practice unit is used for calculating the scores of classic questions and simulating questions performed by students in real time. The teacher teaching evaluation unit is used for detecting the exam preparation information, homework correcting information and teaching workload information of teachers in real time. In the teaching system, the teacher teaching evaluation unit can evaluate the teaching quality of the teachers and is beneficial to improvement in teaching levels of the teachers; the student learning evaluation unit can facilitate the knowing of learning effects for the students and can provide effective plans for different students; and the practice unit facilitates the training of different types of questions for the students.