The invention discloses a method of freezing Schwann cells by a compound low-temperature cryopreserving system. The method comprises the following steps of: heating amino acid gel factors and dissolving the same in a cell culture medium, filtering and degerming the cell culture medium, and preparing a cell suspension liquid with the cell culture medium containing the gel factors; dropwise adding a cell culture medium containing a compound freezing protecting agent into the cell suspension liquid at 0-4 DEG C and uniformly mixing the mixture, wherein the compound freezing protecting agent is prepared by mixing a permeable freezing protecting agent and a non-permeable freezing protecting agent; and putting a cryopreserving tube in a programmed cryopreserving box to be frozen for 24h at 80 DEG C below and then transferring the cryopreserving tube to liquid nitrogen to be cryopreserved. The supermolecular gel formed by self-assembling the amino acid gel factors has a unique three-dimensional netty structure. When the freezing protecting agent is dropwise added, cells are coated by the supermolecular gel, so that the permeating damage of the freezing protecting agent is reduced; in temperature-reducing and restoring processes, damage of ice crystals is reduced as the three-dimensional netty structure of the supermolecular gel limits growth and recrystallization of the ice crystals.