The invention discloses a single-face sliding type multifunctional friction material testing machine. The testing machine comprises a stander (1), a hydraulic system, a sliding assembly and a temperature regulating system, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a vertical oil cylinder (2), a horizontal oil cylinder (3), a flange disc (6), a vertical pressure sensor (7), a vertical displacement sensor, a connecting rod (18), a horizontal pressure sensor (19), a horizontal displacement sensor and a servo valve block, wherein the sliding assembly is arranged on the upper end surface of a base plate of the stander (1) and comprises a bearing base (16), a guide mechanism, a sliding table assembly, a sliding plate and a sample tool (8); and the temperature regulating system comprises a temperature measurement couple and is used for monitoring the temperature of the testing plate in real time so as to realize temperature control of a friction material. According to the testing machine disclosed by the invention, the friction performance test of the friction material under the working conditions of different surface pressures, speeds, temperatures and the like can be realized.