The invention discloses an intersection-based V2P collision avoidance method comprising the steps that firstly, the participants of the game are ensured to be vehicles and pedestrians, and the participants are classified to define their passing strategy sets; secondly, street crossing delay and risk payment of the vehicles and the pedestrians of the intersection are solved and a V2P game model is established; thirdly, traffic reward and punishment payment is added on the basis of delay and risk payment so as to enhance the priority rate of the vehicles; and fourthly, an SEIR virus propagation model is improved, and an IEVRI model is established to analyze the psychology of the traffic participants so as to prove the necessity of introducing traffic rewards and punishments. The pedestrian flow and the vehicle flow in the traffic flow, the distance and the speed of the pedestrians and the vehicles from a decision area to a conflict area and the relative potential of the number of the unit batch of street crossing pedestrians are integrally considered, and the traffic reward and punishment factors are added and the V2P game model is established so that the road traffic safety can be enhanced and the passing efficiency can also be guaranteed.