The invention discloses a centrifugal type carbon tank desorption device and method for an exhaust gas turbine. By utilizing high-speed tail gas of an engine as power, a clutch and a speed reducer are mounted on a power transmission line; when active carbon adsorption capacity reaches the maximum saturation level, a carbon tank is driven by a transmission shaft to rotate, the adsorbed oil-gas is thrown out by centrifugal force; after oil-liquid is formed, the oil-liquid flows into an oil tank through an oil-liquid reflow pipe; when the carbon tank does not reach the saturation level, the active carbon is desorbed by launching pressure difference between the inner part of an air cylinder and the inner part of a combustion chamber, and the desorbed oil-gas flows into an air inlet pipeline of the engine by an oil-gas backflow pipe; and finally, the oil-gas is introduced into the combustion chamber to be used as fuel. By adopting two ways, the active carbon is desorbed, and energy of the tail gas is recycled; moreover, the desorption time is short, the efficiency is high, the desorption amount can be controlled, and liquid oil materials formed by the oil-gas can be recycled.