The invention discloses a double-wire and double-arc submerged arc welding technology free of back gouging for plates of moderate thickness. The technology comprises the steps of groove preparing, assembly preparing, preparing before welding, front welding and back welding. In the step of groove preparing, corresponding groove types are designed for two steel plates to be welded according to the thickness of the plates, and machining is carried out; in the step of assembly preparing, the two plates are paired, and the groove gap is adjusted to reach the specified assembly gap; in the step of preparing before welding, front and back wire welding power sources are selected, front and back wire angles are adjusted, and the welding wire distance is adjusted; in the step of front welding, the front welding procedure is carried out according to the set welding technology; and in the step of back welding, the back welding procedure is carried out according to the set welding technology without back gouging for groove back sides. According to the technology, the characteristics of welding parameters of double-wire and double-arc submerged arc welding to welding line formation are reasonably utilized, the welding currents, the welding voltages, the walking speeds, the distance between two wires, the angles of the two wires and the like of the double wires and double arcs are reasonably matched, the flaw detection qualification rate and the mechanical performance of welding lines are ensured while the technology steps are reduced, the welding time and the welding material are saved, and the welding efficiency is improved by 5 times or above.