The invention provides a blast vibration monitoring method for a buried underground water supply pipeline. The blast vibration monitoring method comprises the following steps of calculating the distance R(upper) between a pipeline and the center of a blasting source of an upper step of a tunnel; when blasting on a lower step of the tunnel, simultaneously arranging measuring points N1 and N2 behind the upper step and a tunnel face, and ensuring that the distances between the two measuring points and the blasting center of the lower step (one half of the height of the lower step of the tunnel is used as a blasting center point) are respectively equal to the R(upper); measuring the vibration speeds V1 and V2 of surrounding rock at the measuring point N1 of the upper step and the measuring point N2 behind the tunnel face of the tunnel; repeating the measuring for three times, and obtaining a formula (V1=nV'2) according to the relationship of vibration speeds at the measuring point N1 and N2; when blasting on the upper step, measuring the vibration speed V'2 at the measuring point N'2 at the L'(back) distance behind the tunnel face; inferring the vibration speed V(pipe) at the pipeline, namely V(pipe)=nV'2; comparing the vibration speed V(pipe) at the pipeline and the control standard of blasting vibration safety of the pipeline, evaluating the safety condition of the pipeline, optimizing a blasting construction plan, and instructing the tunnel control blasting, so as to ensure the pipeline safety. The blast vibration monitoring method has the advantages that the technical problem of monitoring on tunnel blasting vibration of the buried underground pipeline is effectively solved, and the far-reaching influence is realized for the tunnel construction industry.