The invention belongs to the automobile safety technology field and discloses an automobile operation risk evaluation system and method. The method comprises steps that a to-be-evaluated automobile model is determined, and statistics data of all the automobiles having models same as the to-be-evaluated automobile model is acquired; according to generation probability of a fault type, a harshness degree after generation of the fault type and a detection degree of the fault type, the risk priority number of a part corresponding to the fault type is determined; three evaluation indexes of each part are acquired, including the risk priority, a hazard degree and maintenance cost; entropy weights of the three evaluation indexes of each part are determined according to an entropy weight algorithm; according to the three evaluation indexes of each part and the entropy weights of the three indexes, a final risk index of the part is determined; an early warning priority of the part is determined according to the final risk index of the part; and objective and accurate automobile risk evaluation can be carried out.