The invention provides a method for recycling aluminum from refining slag. The method includes the steps that the refining slag and a NaOH solution are mixed to obtain slurry; CO2 gas is fed into the slurry for heating and reaction, and then solid-liquid mixed slurry is obtained; and a sodium aluminate solution is obtained after solid-liquid separation is finished. The method is simple, easy to implement and low in energy consumption, efficient recycling of aluminum in the refining slag can be achieved, and the recycling rate reaches 90% or above. According to the method, the CO2 waste gas generated by the enterprises can be adopted for production, so that the comprehensive utilization of the waste gas is achieved; meanwhile, a micropore gas distribution device is adopted for blowing micron bubbles into the system, so that the carbonating time is shortened, energy waste is reduced, and the cost is reduced; and the method is advantageously popularized in the industrial production, good in economic benefit and broad in application prospect.