The invention discloses an active control system and method of environment in a driving cab. The active control system comprises an information collection module, an execution module and a central controller, the information collection module comprises an environment air quality detection module, a driving cab air quality detection module and a wheel rotating speed sensor which are used for acquiring out-of-vehicle air quality, in-vehicle air quality and wheel rotating speed, the execution module comprises a window glass lifting system, an air conditioner control system, an alarming system and an air quality active optimizing system, the window glass lifting system is used for controlling lifting of windows, the air conditioner control system is used for controlling switching between inside circulation and outside circulation of an air conditioner, the air quality active optimizing system is used for generating negative ions and oxygen, the central controller is connected with the information collection module and the execution module and used for acquiring vehicle inside-outside air quality parameters and the wheel rotating speed collected by the information collection module and controlling the window glass lifting system, the air conditioner control system and the air quality active optimizing system to work.