The invention relates to a single-axle bogie of a straddled-type single-rail vehicle with rotating arm type swing bolsters. The single-axle bogie of the straddled-type single-rail vehicle with the rotating arm type swing bolsters comprises a pair of traveling wheels, two pairs of guiding wheels, a pair of stabilizing wheels and a framework for mounting the traveling wheels, the guiding wheels and the stabilizing wheels; wherein the framework is 'square'-shaped and comprises side beams and cross beams; two pairs of swing bolsters are symmetrically arranged above the cross beams of the framework in the transverse direction; the swing bolsters have rotating arm type structures; the inner ends of the swing bolsters are connected with the cross beams of the framework through rotating joints and rotate in the side rolling direction; and an air spring is arranged between the outer end of each swing bolster and the frame in the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the single-axle bogie of the straddled-type single-rail vehicle with the rotating arm type swing bolsters has the characteristics that vertical buffering is realized by the rotating arm type swing bolsters and the air springs, and the vertical stability is good; transverse buffering is realized by a boom, and the transverse stability is good; by the boom, deflection between a vehicle body and the bogie in the curve is adapted, and the curved passing ability is good; by the rotating arm type swing bolsters and side rolling resisting springs, side rolling resisting rigidity is provided, and the anti-roll ability of the vehicle body is improved; and the height of a floor surface of a passenger room can be greatly reduced.