The invention relates to a pure electric bus dynamic route planning method capable of prolonging service life of power cells. On the basis of comprehensively considering the pure electric bus operation characteristic, the power cell capacity degradation characteristic and the bus route road condition characteristic and mutual influence of the three characteristics, possible scheduling schemes of pure electric buses at each stage and routes can be acquired through constructing a bigraph model, through calculating total change amount of capacity degradation of all the power cells in different scheduling states, a dynamic planning recursion algorithm is utilized to accomplish optimization of a scheduling period and the scheduling schemes of the full process. The method is advantaged in that service life of the power cells of the electric buses can be prolonged to a maximum degree through the acquired optimal scheduling scheme under the power cell technology level in the prior art, frequency of power cell update in the integral vehicle service life period can be reduced to a maximum degree, and operation cost of the pure electric buses can be effectively reduced.