The invention discloses a method and a device for optimizing distributed power configuration, and the optimal configuration effect of micro-grid power capacity can be improved. The method comprises the following steps: S1, using the minimization of three indexes such as independent photovoltaic/storage micro-grid power total cost, loss of load probability and energy dissipation rate as an objective function to establish a multi-objective optimization model; S2, using alpha, Npv and Nbs to represent the allocation quantity of photovoltaic cell panel angles, photovoltaic cell panel and storage batteries respectively, using the objective function as a fitness function, using a genetic particle swarm method, and searching an optimal photovoltaic/storage combination (alpha, Npv, Nbs), so that the value of the objective function is minimum; and S3, carrying out distributed power optimization configuration on an independent micro-grid power according to the optimal photovoltaic/storage combination (alpha, Npv, Nbs).